Executive GDSS: Behavioral considerations at individual,organizational, and environmental levels of analysis

This article emphasizes the importance of behavioral considerations at individual, organizational, and environmental levels of analysis when researching and evaluating the design, implementation, and use of group decision support systems (GDSS) within complex organizations. Discussion is based on interview and archival data collected on an executive level GDSS used within a corporate setting. Issues that are considered generalizable to organizational computing, coordination, and collaboration technologies concern (a) viewing organization participants as strategic, intuitive information processors, (b) understanding the importance of organizational power, politics, and situational constraints on decision making, and (c) appreciating the symbolic value of advanced information technologies to an organization's external environment.     

Computer networking among executives: A case study

Group Support Systems may be “distributed”; for nonsimultaneous use by being embedded in a Computer‐Mediated Communication System (CMCS). In this manner, large groups may use them for complex tasks over an extended period of time. Will executives use such systems, and what are their reactions? This case study of elites engaged in formulating recommendations for the White House Conference on Productivity demonstrates that executives can use such systems, given that “critical success factors”; are met. Perceived information richness is strongly correlated with perceptions of productivity enhancement as a result of system use.     

浅谈英语合作教学模式的创新

传统的英语教学模式容易导致学生缺乏学习主动性,而社会需要的是具有综合英语应用能力的人才。因此,在高职院校开展合作教学是提高学生主动性和学生综合应用能力的有效的教学模式。本文就高职院校英语合作教学模式的创新途径谈几点粗浅看法。     

Collaboration,motivation, and the size of organizations

We present an analytical model of an organization that offers operational drivers of limits on team size. The model trades off benefits from collaborative problem solving against the disadvantages of diminishing motivation when groups get large. Collaboration is represented as parallel employee activity combined with frequent sharing of partial information, with a resulting superlinear performance increase over team size. Motivation is modeled by team members periodically setting an effort level either to contribute to the best of their ability or to “cruise”; at the minimum level not recognizable as shirking. Each individual decision is limited by bounded rationality based on team rewards, the time horizon of team interaction, and individual expectations about colleagues’ behavior. The decision collapses to a simple “barrier rule”;. Work hard when a certain “barrier percentage”; of team members work hard, and otherwise shirk. The influence of team size on this barrier percentage depends on the extent of benefits from collaboration: As long as performance increases quadratically with team size, the increased benefits resulting from collaboration exactly balance the temptation to shirk, with the barrier percentage approaching a fixed limit for large team sizes. As soon as the performance increase slows to anything less than quadratic, shirking eventually sets in and limits the possible size of the team. This implies that cooperation is sustainable in large organizational units, provided the problem‐solving processes used are powerful enough to ensure sufficient performance increases. Thus, effective problem‐solving methods are of double value, improving direct productivity and mitigating the social dilemma from team production. A manager should enlarge his or her organization up to the minimum of the limit set by the cooperation barrier and the exogenous performance limit.     

小额贷款业务发展中的问题及转轨村镇银行的对策选择

小额贷款业务是对传统金融制度的一次创新，目前还存在着产品属性制约强、市场发展瓶颈大、贷款公司展基础薄、运行障碍多、帮扶效率低等诸多问题。我国目前试行小额贷款公司改制设立村镇银行的办法，需要借鉴小额贷款业务在国外发展的成功经验，结合我国农村金融发展实际，在小额贷款业务走向农村银行过程中采取放宽小额贷款公司股东数量限制、出台信贷业务准入规章制度以及尽快取消无抵押贷款的限制等对策措施，建立起合理、高效、服务农村经济发展的小额贷款制度。     

土地股份合作制效率的经济学分析——基于国家、产权和契约的视角

研究目的：从国家、产权和契约的视角对土地股份合作制的效率进行经济学解读，探讨蕴含其中的理论价值和政策含义。研究方法：文献资料法，理论分析法。研究结果：国家要素的“失灵”导致了土地股份合作制效率出现“短板”； 随着国家要素水平的降低，土地股份合作制迅速发展并产生较高绩效；而且，在国家要素的水平的阀值范围内，股份合作制才是农村土地制度改革最适模式。研究结论：采取放松政府管制、规范机制建设确保国家、产权和契约要素的协调运行，提高土地股份合作制的效率。     

论工作室化合作学习模式

从工作室化合作学习模式研究背景和概念入手,以案例分析介绍的方式,可以较为直观地理解工作室化合作学习模式的理论基础、教学目标、具体做法、实现条件及优缺点.同时,这也是培养学生具备社会需求的职业技能和间接工作经验的有效途径之一.     

中国农业居民医疗保险需求及其影响因素分析

本文基于2006年的微观横截面数据,运用似不相关二维probit模型与工具变量,分析了我国农业居民医疗保险需求及其影响因素,并着重考察了新型农村合作医疗保险与商业医疗保险之间的关系。研究的主要结论:一是参加新型农村合作医疗对乡村农业居民购买商业医疗保险有较显著的刺激作用;二是教育水平、年龄、居住省份、职业对乡村农业居民是否参加新型农村合作医疗有显著影响;职业、家庭规模和地区经济发展水平对乡村农业居民是否购买商业医疗保险有显著影响;三是在乡村农业居民是否参加新型农村合作医疗的决策中观测到逆向选择的行为。     

县级农村信用合作联社改革成效及其影响探讨--基于泌阳县农村信用社2012年达标升级工作的案例分析

我国农村信用社改革的方向历经多年探索，在近年才逐渐得以明晰。基于对泌阳县农村信用社2012年达标升级工作的案例分析，对县级农村信用合作联社改革的经验进行归纳总结。在政府统一协调制订方案并强化落实的基础上，做好不良贷款清收、资产置换、增资扩股、财政扶持、固定资产确权等各项工作，能够使农村信用社有效推进达标升级，进而在特色信贷产品推广、扶植小微企业发展、拓展金融服务、履行社会责任等方面发挥积极作用。案例揭示的经验，对各地区进一步深化农村信用社改革有着积极的借鉴意义。     

浅析建筑企业施工管理费费率的确定

建设工程工程量清单计价规范(GB50500-2008)已于2008-12-01正式实施,规范对清单模式下的投标抱价活动中相关术语做了相应界定,其中将标底正式更正为招标控制价。招标控制价的界定,为招投标活动的合理有效进行铺平了道路。对投标人来说,接踵而来的是投标报价让利问题。如果投标人对自己施工过的项目的管理费用没有具体的量化指标,在施工竟标中将处于劣势。本文站在投标人立场,讨论施工企业管理费率的合理确定问题。